Firm-Level Automation: Evidence from the Netherlands

Abstract

Using a firm-level measure of automation cost, we identify automation events at Dutch firms and document how automating firms differ from non-automating ones. Automating firms grow faster in employment and revenue than comparable non-automating firms, but employment growth slows markedly around the automation event itself.

Main findings

• Automating firms grow faster in employment and revenue than comparable non-automating firms.
• Employment growth slows markedly in the period around an automation event.

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